उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सी पूर्वधारणाएँ वैध हैं?
सही उत्तर: 1 और 4
परिच्छेद के आधार पर पूर्वधारणाओं का परीक्षण करते हैं: पहली पूर्वधारणा (मानव पादप जातियों के बड़े पैमाने पर विलोपन का प्रमुख कारण रहे हैं) वैध है क्योंकि परिच्छेद में प्रौद्योगिकी-चालित उत्पादन और कुछ किस्मों पर भारी निर्भरता का उल्लेख है। दूसरी पूर्वधारणा (स्थानीय फसलों के उपभोग से विविधता सुनिश्चित होती है) परिच्छेद से सीधे सिद्ध नहीं होती। तीसरी पूर्वधारणा (वर्तमान शैली निकट भविष्य में खाद्य संकट लाएगी) एक निश्चित भविष्यवाणी है जो परिच्छेद की संभावनाओं से आगे जाती है। चौथी पूर्वधारणा (हमारी खाद्य सुरक्षा स्थानीय किस्मों को बचाने की योग्यता पर निर्भर हो सकती है) पूरी तरह वैध है क्योंकि परिच्छेद में संकट के समय उन विलुप्त होती किस्मों की आवश्यकता पर बल दिया गया है। अतः 1 और 4 वैध हैं। विकल्प (D) सही है।
In English (Question & Model Answer)
On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Humans have been the main reason for the large scale extinction of plant species.
2. Consumption of food mainly from locally cultivated crops ensures crop diversity.
3. The present style of production and distribution of food will finally lead to the problem of food scarcity in the near future.
4. Our food security may depend on our ability to preserve the locally cultivated varieties of crops.
Which of the above assumptions are valid?
Correct Option: 1 and 4
Let's evaluate the assumptions based on the passage: Assumption 1 states that humans have been the main reason for the large scale extinction of plant species. The passage discusses how heavy dependence on a few high-yielding varieties and technology-driven production driven by humans has caused dwindling diversity, supporting assumption 1. Assumption 2 states that consumption of food mainly from locally cultivated crops ensures crop diversity. The passage notes that farmers in the past bred crops well-suited to local climates, but does not explicitly claim that current consumption of locally cultivated crops *ensures* crop diversity in a general prescriptive sense. Assumption 3 states that the present style of production and distribution of food will finally lead to the problem of food scarcity in the near future. The passage warns of risks if a disease or climate change decimates crops, but it does not definitively state that current style *will* lead to food scarcity as a certainty. Assumption 4 states that our food security may depend on our ability to preserve the locally cultivated varieties of crops. The passage concludes that if mutating diseases or climate change decimates our dependent crops, we might desperately need the extinct varieties, validating the importance of preserving diverse local varieties for food security. Thus, assumptions 1 and 4 are valid.