नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए।
सही उत्तर: (c) 1 और 2 दोनों
परिच्छेद-5 इंगित करता है कि भारत में आर्थिक उदारीकरण सरकार की तात्कालिक समस्याओं से प्रेरित था, जिसके कारण रोजगार-विहीन वृद्धि, गरीबी, असमानता और कृषि, अधोसंरचना, उद्योग तथा शिक्षा जैसे संकट उत्पन्न हुए। निहितार्थों का विश्लेषण: 1. विकास के लिए राज्य की आर्थिक भूमिका पर पुनर्विचार और पुनर्परिभाषित करना आवश्यक है - यह तर्कसंगत है क्योंकि मौजूदा सीमाओं को दूर करना जरूरी है। 2. भारत ने सामाजिक क्षेत्रों में नीतियों का प्रभावी निष्पादन और पर्याप्त निवेश नहीं किया है - शिक्षा, गरीबी और असमानता के संकट इस बात की पुष्टि करते हैं। अतः दोनों 1 और 2 सही हैं।
In English (Question & Model Answer)
Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical inference/inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. It is essential to rethink and redefine the economic role of the State in the quest for development.
2. India has not made effective implementation of its policies in social sectors nor made sufficient investments in them.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct Option: (c) Both 1 and 2
Passage 5 states that economic liberalization in India was shaped by government economic problems rather than long-term development objectives, resulting in jobless growth, poverty, inequality, and four quiet crises (agriculture, infrastructure, industrialization, education). Evaluating the inferences: 1. It is essential to rethink and redefine the economic role of the State in the quest for development: Since the initial design had limitations and structural crises persist across critical sectors like education, agriculture, and infrastructure, rethinking the state's economic role and planning is a logical inference. 2. India has not made effective implementation of its policies in social sectors nor made sufficient investments in them: The persistence of poverty, inequality, and education as a quiet crisis directly supports the inference that social sector policies and investments require better execution and enhancement. Therefore, both 1 and 2 are valid inferences.