In which circumstances, the office of the President falls vacant ?

Circumstances in Which the Office of the President of India Falls Vacant (Article 62):

Under the Indian Constitution, the office of the President falls vacant under the following five specific circumstances:

• 1. Expiration of 5-Year Tenure: Completion of the normal constitutional term of five years from the date of entering office.
• 2. Resignation (Article 56(1)(a)): By submitting a written resignation addressed to the Vice-President of India.
• 3. Removal by Impeachment (Article 61): Removal from office by Parliament for "Violation of the Constitution" through a special 2/3rd majority.
• 4. Death: Sudden demise of the incumbent President during the term of office (e.g., Dr. Zakir Husain, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed).
• 5. Voiding of Election (Article 71): When the election of the President is declared null and void by the Supreme Court of India, or when the President becomes disqualified.

Interim Succession: In cases of death, resignation, or removal, the Vice-President acts as President; elections must be held within 6 months.