State the structure of human resource in India.

Structure of Human Resource in India:

India's human resource profile is defined by a massive demographic dividend with distinct structural characteristics across age, sector, and skill levels:

• Demographic Structure & Youth Bulge: Over 65% of the population is in the working-age group (15–59 years) with a median age of ~28 years, offering an unprecedented demographic dividend window lasting until 2040.
• Sectoral Employment Distribution:
  • Agriculture (Primary): Employs ~45% of the workforce, though contributing only ~18% to GDP (reflecting disguised unemployment).
  • Services (Tertiary): Employs ~30% of the workforce, generating over 53% of GDP.
  • Industry (Secondary): Employs ~25% of the workforce.
• Formal vs. Informal Dichotomy: Over 85–90% of the workforce is concentrated in the unorganized/informal sector with limited social security nets.
• Skill Deficit: Only ~5% of India's formal workforce possesses formal vocational training, compared to 96% in South Korea and 75% in Germany.

Conclusion: Converting this massive demographic resource into productive capital requires comprehensive skill training via Skill India and NEP 2020.