Explain the 'Make in India' initiative of Government of India.

'Make in India' Initiative of the Government of India — Comprehensive Review

Launched on 25th September 2014 by the Prime Minister, the 'Make in India' flagship initiative aims to transform India into a global manufacturing, design, and innovation powerhouse, elevating the manufacturing sector's contribution to 25% of GDP and creating 100 million additional jobs.

1. Four Core Pillars of Make in India:

• 1. New Processes (Ease of Doing Business): Dismantling archaic licensing; single-window clearance via National Single Window System (NSWS), digitizing environmental permits, and corporate tax cuts (15% for new manufacturing).
• 2. New Infrastructure: Developing 11 Industrial Corridors (e.g., DMIC), smart industrial cities (Dholera, Pithampur in MP), Dedicated Freight Corridors, and PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan.
• 3. New Sectors: Opening up previously restricted sectors to up to 100% FDI (Defence Manufacturing, Railways Infrastructure, Space, Civil Aviation, Medical Devices).
• 4. New Mindset: Transitioning the Government's role from a rigid regulator to a proactive business facilitator and industrial partner.

2. Flagship Complementary Policy Instruments:

• Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Schemes: Outlay of ₹1.97 lakh crore across 14 champion sectors (Electronics/Smartphones, Pharmaceuticals, Automobiles, Solar PV modules, Advanced Chemistry Cells).
• Defence Indigenization: Positive Indigenization Lists banning imports of 500+ defence systems; building the indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant, Tejas fighter jets, and MP Jabalpur ordnance modernization.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan & Vocal for Local.

Conclusion: Make in India has propelled India to become the world's 2nd largest mobile manufacturer, turning the nation into a resilient node in global supply chains.