In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court of India declare the prevalence of Fundamental Rights over Directive Principles of the State Policy in case of conflict between the two ?

The correct answer is (B) The State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan (1951).

• In the landmark case of The State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan (1951), the Supreme Court of India ruled that in case of any conflict between Fundamental Rights (Part III) and Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV), the Fundamental Rights would prevail. The court held that Directive Principles have to conform to and run subsidiary to the chapters on Fundamental Rights.
• This judicial pronouncement led the Parliament to enact the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, which introduced Article 31C and modified Article 19 to mitigate the rigidity and allow implementation of certain social welfare policies.
• Option (A) Golaknath v. State of Punjab (1967) held that Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights to take away or abridge them. Option (C) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) propounded the Basic Structure doctrine and balanced Fundamental Rights with DPSPs. Option (D) Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980) established that the Indian Constitution is founded on the bedrock of the balance between Part III and Part IV.