Under whose advice can the President of India declare Emergency under Article 352 ?

The correct answer is (C) Union Cabinet.

• Under Article 352 of the Constitution of India, the President can declare a National Emergency only on the written recommendation of the Union Cabinet. This safeguard was explicitly added by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978 to prevent the unilateral proclamation of emergency by the Prime Minister, as had occurred in 1975.
• A Proclamation of Emergency must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within one month from the date of its issue by a special majority, emphasizing strict legislative oversight over executive emergency powers.
• Option (A) Chief Ministers have no constitutional authority regarding national emergency declarations. Option (B) Prime Minister alone cannot advise the President; the advice must come from the collective body of the Union Cabinet. Option (D) Council of Ministers is a broader body, whereas the 44th Amendment specifically restricted this power to the 'Cabinet' (the core group of senior cabinet ministers).