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Main Features of Folk Art and Craft of Madhya Pradesh (मध्य प्रदेश की लोक कला एवं शिल्प)

Madhya Pradesh boasts a vibrant, rich cultural tapestry of folk and tribal arts rooted across its distinct cultural zones: Malwa, Nimar, Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand, and the Tribal belts of Mahakoshal.

1. Prominent Folk Paintings (लोक चित्रकला):

Pithora Wall Painting (Bhil/Bhilala Tribe): Ritual wall painting from Jhabua and Alirajpur, depicting horses, nature, and deity 'Pithora Dev' (Master artist: Padma Shri Bhuri Bai and Pema Fatya).
Gond Tribal Art: Characterized by intricate lines, dots, and vibrant depictions of flora, fauna, and folklore from Mandla/Dindori (Master artist: Late Jangarh Singh Shyam, Padma Shri Jodhaina Bai Baiga).
Mandana & Sanjha (Malwa/Nimar): Traditional geometric floor drawings made with red clay (Geru) and white chalk; Sanjha wall drawings made with cow dung and flowers by unmarried girls.
Chitera & Suraiti (Bundelkhand): Wall art created during festivals and weddings depicting Lakshmi and folk deities.

2. Traditional Folk Crafts & Handlooms (हस्तशिल्प एवं हथकरघा):

Chanderi & Maheshwari Sarees (GI Tagged):
- Chanderi (Ashoknagar): Pure silk, cotton, and zari with fine sheer texture.
- Maheshwari (Khargone): Patronized by Queen Ahilyabai Holkar, famous for reversible geometric borders (Narmada wave patterns).
Bell Metal & Dhokra Craft (Betul & Tikamgarh - GI Tagged): Ancient lost-wax casting technique used to craft tribal deities, lamps, and brass animals.
Bagh Print (Dhar - GI Tagged): Traditional natural vegetable dye block printing with red and black geometric designs.
Bherugarh Batik Print (Ujjain) & Supa/Bamboo Craft (Balaghat).

Conclusion: MP's folk arts reflect a harmonious organic bond between indigenous communities and nature, preserved and promoted through the Mrignayanee Emporium and state tribal museums.

2a:T1277,

मध्य प्रदेश की लोक कला एवं लोक शिल्प की प्रमुख विशेषताएं

मध्य प्रदेश अपनी समृद्ध सांस्कृतिक विविधता (मालवा, निमाड़, बुंदेलखंड, बघेलखंड एवं महाकोशल के जनजातीय अंचल) के कारण अनूठी लोक कलाओं और पारंपरिक हस्तशिल्पों का प्रमुख केंद्र है।

1. प्रमुख लोक चित्रकलाएं (Folk Paintings):

पिथौरा भित्ति चित्रकला (भील/भिलाला जनजाति - झाबुआ/अलीराजपुर): घोड़ों, प्रकृति एवं पिथौरा देव का अनुष्ठानिक चित्रांकन (प्रमुख कलाकार: पद्मश्री भूरी बाई एवं स्व. पेमा फातिया)।
गोंड चित्रकला (मंडला/डिंडोरी): बारीक बिंदुओं व रेखाओं द्वारा प्रकृति, पशु-पक्षियों एवं लोककथाओं का सजीव चित्रण (पद्मश्री जोधइया बाई बैगा, स्व. जनगढ़ सिंह श्याम)।
मांडना एवं संझा (मालवा/निमाड़): गेरू और खड़िया से फर्श पर बनाई जाने वाली ज्यामितीय आकृतियां (मांडना) तथा गोबर व फूलों से कुंवारियों द्वारा दीवार पर बनाई जाने वाली संझा।
सुरैती एवं मोरेला (बुंदेलखंड/बघेलखंड): दीपावली व विवाह अवसरों पर देवी लक्ष्मी एवं शुभ प्रतीकों का भित्ति अंकन।

2. प्रसिद्ध पारंपरिक हस्तशिल्प एवं हथकरघा (Handicrafts & Handlooms):

चंदेरी एवं महेश्वरी साड़ियां (GI टैग प्राप्त):
- चंदेरी (अशोकनगर): रेशम, जरी एवं सूत के मिश्रण से बनी सूक्ष्म पारदर्शी बुनाई।
- महेश्वरी (खरगोन): लोकमाता अहिल्याबाई होल्कर द्वारा संरक्षित, नर्मदा की लहरों की नक्काशीदार बॉर्डर।
ढोकरा शिल्प / धातु शिल्प (बेतूल एवं टीकमगढ़ - GI टैग): मोम-क्षय पद्धति (Lost-Wax Casting) द्वारा पारंपरिक कांस्य/पीतल की देव प्रतिमाएं व वस्तुएं।
बाघ प्रिंट (धार - GI टैग): प्राकृतिक वनस्पतिक रंगों से लकड़ी के ठप्पों (Blocks) द्वारा सूती कपड़ों पर लाल-काले ज्यामितीय डिजाइनों की छपाई।
भैरवगढ़ का बाटिक प्रिंट (उज्जैन) तथा बांस शिल्प (बालाघाट)।

निष्कर्ष: मध्य प्रदेश की लोक कलाएं मनुष्य और प्रकृति के आत्मीय संबंध की परिचायक हैं, जिन्हें 'मृगनयनी' एम्पोरियम और राज्य जनजातीय संग्रहालय के माध्यम से वैश्विक पहचान मिल रही है।

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